Workshop o mikrokontrolérech na SKSP 2024.
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/*
* UCW Library -- Main Loop
*
* (c) 2004--2015 Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
*
* This software may be freely distributed and used according to the terms
* of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
*/
#undef LOCAL_DEBUG
#include <ucw/lib.h>
#include <ucw/heap.h>
#include <ucw/mainloop.h>
#include <ucw/threads.h>
#include <ucw/gary.h>
#include <ucw/process.h>
#include <ucw/time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_THREADS
#include <pthread.h>
#define THREAD_SIGMASK pthread_sigmask
#else
#define THREAD_SIGMASK sigprocmask
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#endif
#define MAIN_TIMER_LESS(x,y) ((x)->expires < (y)->expires)
#define MAIN_TIMER_SWAP(heap,a,b,t) (t=heap[a], heap[a]=heap[b], heap[b]=t, heap[a]->index=(a), heap[b]->index=(b))
#define EPOLL_BUF_SIZE 256
static void file_del_ctx(struct main_context *m, struct main_file *fi);
static void signal_del_ctx(struct main_context *m, struct main_signal *ms);
static void
main_get_time_ctx(struct main_context *m)
{
m->now = get_timestamp();
}
static struct main_context *
main_current_nocheck(void)
{
return ucwlib_thread_context()->main_context;
}
struct main_context *
main_current(void)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current_nocheck();
ASSERT(m);
return m;
}
static int
main_is_current(struct main_context *m)
{
return (m == main_current_nocheck());
}
static inline uint
count_timers(struct main_context *m)
{
if (m->timer_table)
return GARY_SIZE(m->timer_table) - 1;
else
return 0;
}
struct main_context *
main_new(void)
{
struct main_context *m = xmalloc_zero(sizeof(*m));
DBG("MAIN: New context");
clist_init(&m->file_list);
clist_init(&m->file_active_list);
clist_init(&m->hook_list);
clist_init(&m->hook_done_list);
clist_init(&m->process_list);
clist_init(&m->signal_list);
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
m->epoll_fd = epoll_create(64);
if (m->epoll_fd < 0)
die("epoll_create() failed: %m");
m->epoll_events = xmalloc(EPOLL_BUF_SIZE * sizeof(struct epoll_event));
clist_init(&m->file_recalc_list);
#else
m->poll_table_obsolete = 1;
#endif
main_get_time_ctx(m);
sigemptyset(&m->want_signals);
m->sig_pipe_recv = m->sig_pipe_send = -1;
return m;
}
static void
main_prepare_delete(struct main_context *m)
{
/*
* If the context is current, deactivate it first. But beware,
* we must not call functions that depend on the current context.
*/
if (main_is_current(m))
main_switch_context(NULL);
// Close epoll descriptor early enough, it might be shared after fork!
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
xfree(m->epoll_events);
close(m->epoll_fd);
m->epoll_fd = -1;
#else
GARY_FREE(m->poll_table);
GARY_FREE(m->poll_file_table);
#endif
if (m->sigchld_handler)
{
signal_del_ctx(m, m->sigchld_handler);
xfree(m->sigchld_handler);
}
if (m->sig_pipe_file)
{
file_del_ctx(m, m->sig_pipe_file);
xfree(m->sig_pipe_file);
}
if (m->sig_pipe_recv >= 0)
{
close(m->sig_pipe_recv);
close(m->sig_pipe_send);
}
}
static void
main_do_delete(struct main_context *m)
{
GARY_FREE(m->timer_table);
xfree(m);
}
void
main_delete(struct main_context *m)
{
if (!m)
return;
main_prepare_delete(m);
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->file_list));
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->file_active_list));
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->file_recalc_list));
#endif
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->hook_list));
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->hook_done_list));
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->process_list));
ASSERT(clist_empty(&m->signal_list));
ASSERT(!count_timers(m));
main_do_delete(m);
}
void
main_destroy(struct main_context *m)
{
if (!m)
return;
main_prepare_delete(m);
// Close all files
clist_add_list_tail(&m->file_list, &m->file_active_list);
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
clist_add_list_tail(&m->file_list, &m->file_recalc_list);
#endif
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_file *, f, m->file_list)
close(f->fd);
main_do_delete(m);
}
struct main_context *
main_switch_context(struct main_context *m)
{
struct ucwlib_context *c = ucwlib_thread_context();
struct main_context *m0 = c->main_context;
/*
* Not only we need to switch the signal sets of the two contexts,
* but it is also necessary to avoid invoking a signal handler
* in the middle of changing c->main_context.
*/
if (m0 && !clist_empty(&m0->signal_list))
THREAD_SIGMASK(SIG_BLOCK, &m0->want_signals, NULL);
c->main_context = m;
if (m && !clist_empty(&m->signal_list))
THREAD_SIGMASK(SIG_UNBLOCK, &m->want_signals, NULL);
return m0;
}
void
main_init(void)
{
struct main_context *m = main_switch_context(main_new());
ASSERT(!m);
}
void
main_cleanup(void)
{
main_delete(main_current_nocheck());
}
void
main_teardown(void)
{
main_destroy(main_current_nocheck());
}
void
main_get_time(void)
{
main_get_time_ctx(main_current());
}
void
timer_add(struct main_timer *tm, timestamp_t expires)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
if (!m->timer_table)
{
GARY_INIT(m->timer_table, 1);
m->timer_table[0] = NULL;
}
if (expires)
DBG("MAIN: Setting timer %p (expire at now+%lld)", tm, (long long)(expires - m->now));
else
DBG("MAIN: Clearing timer %p", tm);
uint num_timers = count_timers(m);
if (tm->expires < expires)
{
if (!tm->expires)
{
tm->expires = expires;
tm->index = num_timers + 1;
GARY_RESIZE(m->timer_table, num_timers + 2);
HEAP_INSERT(struct main_timer *, m->timer_table, num_timers, MAIN_TIMER_LESS, MAIN_TIMER_SWAP, tm);
}
else
{
tm->expires = expires;
HEAP_INCREASE(struct main_timer *, m->timer_table, num_timers, MAIN_TIMER_LESS, MAIN_TIMER_SWAP, tm->index, tm);
}
}
else if (tm->expires > expires)
{
if (!expires)
{
ASSERT(tm->index && tm->index <= num_timers);
HEAP_DELETE(struct main_timer *, m->timer_table, num_timers, MAIN_TIMER_LESS, MAIN_TIMER_SWAP, tm->index);
tm->index = 0;
tm->expires = 0;
GARY_POP(m->timer_table);
}
else
{
tm->expires = expires;
HEAP_DECREASE(struct main_timer *, m->timer_table, num_timers, MAIN_TIMER_LESS, MAIN_TIMER_SWAP, tm->index, tm);
}
}
}
void
timer_add_rel(struct main_timer *tm, timestamp_t expires_delta)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
return timer_add(tm, m->now + expires_delta);
}
void
timer_del(struct main_timer *tm)
{
timer_add(tm, 0);
}
static uint
file_want_events(struct main_file *fi)
{
uint events = 0;
if (fi->read_handler)
events |= POLLIN;
if (fi->write_handler)
events |= POLLOUT;
return events;
}
static void
file_set_events(struct main_context *m, struct main_file *fi, uint mask)
{
uint prev_events = fi->want_events;
if (prev_events == mask)
return;
DBG("MAIN: Changing requested events for fd %d to %x", fi->fd, mask);
fi->want_events = mask;
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
if (m->epoll_fd < 0)
return;
struct epoll_event evt = {
.events = mask,
.data.ptr = fi,
};
int op;
if (!prev_events)
{
op = EPOLL_CTL_ADD;
m->poll_cnt++;
}
else if (!mask)
{
op = EPOLL_CTL_DEL;
m->poll_cnt--;
}
else
op = EPOLL_CTL_MOD;
if (epoll_ctl(m->epoll_fd, op, fi->fd, &evt) < 0)
{
// Some clients call file_del() on an already closed descriptor. Trying to be benevolent.
if (errno != EBADF || op != EPOLL_CTL_DEL)
die("epoll_ctl() failed: %m");
}
#else
if (!prev_events || !mask || !fi->pollfd)
m->poll_table_obsolete = 1;
else
fi->pollfd->events = mask;
#endif
}
void
file_add(struct main_file *fi)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
DBG("MAIN: Adding file %p (fd=%d)", fi, fi->fd);
ASSERT(!file_is_active(fi));
clist_add_tail(&m->file_list, &fi->n);
m->file_cnt++;
file_set_events(m, fi, file_want_events(fi));
if (fcntl(fi->fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) < 0)
msg(L_ERROR, "Error setting fd %d to non-blocking mode: %m. Keep fingers crossed.", fi->fd);
}
void
file_chg(struct main_file *fi)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
clist_remove(&fi->n);
clist_add_tail(&m->file_recalc_list, &fi->n);
#else
file_set_events(m, fi, file_want_events(fi));
#endif
}
static void
file_del_ctx(struct main_context *m, struct main_file *fi)
{
// XXX: Can be called on a non-current context
DBG("MAIN: Deleting file %p (fd=%d)", fi, fi->fd);
if (!file_is_active(fi))
return;
clist_unlink(&fi->n);
m->file_cnt--;
file_set_events(m, fi, 0);
}
void
file_del(struct main_file *fi)
{
file_del_ctx(main_current(), fi);
}
void
hook_add(struct main_hook *ho)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
DBG("MAIN: Adding hook %p", ho);
if (hook_is_active(ho))
clist_unlink(&ho->n);
clist_add_tail(&m->hook_list, &ho->n);
}
void
hook_del(struct main_hook *ho)
{
DBG("MAIN: Deleting hook %p", ho);
if (hook_is_active(ho))
clist_unlink(&ho->n);
}
static void
sigchld_received(struct main_signal *sg UNUSED)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
int stat;
pid_t pid;
while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &stat, WNOHANG)) > 0)
{
DBG("MAIN: Child %d exited with status %x", pid, stat);
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_process *, pr, m->process_list)
if (pr->pid == pid)
{
pr->status = stat;
process_del(pr);
format_exit_status(pr->status_msg, pr->status);
DBG("MAIN: Calling process exit handler");
pr->handler(pr);
break;
}
}
}
void
process_add(struct main_process *mp)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
DBG("MAIN: Adding process %p (pid=%d)", mp, mp->pid);
ASSERT(!process_is_active(mp));
ASSERT(mp->handler);
clist_add_tail(&m->process_list, &mp->n);
if (!m->sigchld_handler)
{
struct main_signal *sg = xmalloc_zero(sizeof(*sg));
m->sigchld_handler = sg;
sg->signum = SIGCHLD;
sg->handler = sigchld_received;
signal_add(sg);
}
}
void
process_del(struct main_process *mp)
{
DBG("MAIN: Deleting process %p (pid=%d)", mp, mp->pid);
if (process_is_active(mp))
clist_unlink(&mp->n);
}
int
process_fork(struct main_process *mp)
{
pid_t pid = fork();
if (pid < 0)
{
DBG("MAIN: Fork failed");
mp->status = -1;
format_exit_status(mp->status_msg, -1);
mp->handler(mp);
return 1;
}
else if (!pid)
return 0;
else
{
DBG("MAIN: Forked process %d", (int) pid);
mp->pid = pid;
process_add(mp);
return 1;
}
}
static int
pipe_read_handler(struct main_file *mf UNUSED)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
int signum;
int n = read(m->sig_pipe_recv, &signum, sizeof(signum));
if (n < 0)
{
if (errno != EAGAIN)
msg(L_ERROR, "Error reading signal pipe: %m");
return 0;
}
ASSERT(n == sizeof(signum));
DBG("MAIN: Sigpipe: received signal %d", signum);
struct main_signal iter = { .signum = -1 };
struct main_signal *sg = clist_head(&m->signal_list);
while (sg)
{
if (sg->signum == signum)
{
DBG("MAIN: Sigpipe: invoking handler %p", sg);
clist_insert_after(&iter.n, &sg->n);
sg->handler(sg);
sg = clist_next(&m->signal_list, &iter.n);
clist_remove(&iter.n);
}
else
sg = clist_next(&m->signal_list, &sg->n);
}
return 1;
}
static void
pipe_configure(int fd)
{
int flags;
if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)) < 0 || fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags|O_NONBLOCK) < 0)
die("Could not set file descriptor %d to non-blocking: %m", fd);
}
static void
pipe_setup(struct main_context *m)
{
DBG("MAIN: Sigpipe: Setting up the pipe");
int pipe_result[2];
if (pipe(pipe_result) == -1)
die("Could not create signal pipe: %m");
pipe_configure(pipe_result[0]);
pipe_configure(pipe_result[1]);
m->sig_pipe_recv = pipe_result[0];
m->sig_pipe_send = pipe_result[1];
struct main_file *f = xmalloc_zero(sizeof(*f));
m->sig_pipe_file = f;
f->fd = m->sig_pipe_recv;
f->read_handler = pipe_read_handler;
file_add(f);
}
static void
signal_handler_pipe(int signum)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
#ifdef LOCAL_DEBUG
msg(L_DEBUG | L_SIGHANDLER, "MAIN: Sigpipe: sending signal %d down the drain", signum);
#endif
if (write(m->sig_pipe_send, &signum, sizeof(signum)) < 0)
{
}
}
void
signal_add(struct main_signal *ms)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
DBG("MAIN: Adding signal %p (sig=%d)", ms, ms->signum);
ASSERT(!signal_is_active(ms));
// Adding at the head of the list is better if we are in the middle of walking the list.
clist_add_head(&m->signal_list, &ms->n);
if (m->sig_pipe_recv < 0)
pipe_setup(m);
struct sigaction sa = {
.sa_handler = signal_handler_pipe,
.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDSTOP | SA_RESTART,
};
sigaction(ms->signum, &sa, NULL);
sigset_t ss;
sigemptyset(&ss);
sigaddset(&ss, ms->signum);
THREAD_SIGMASK(SIG_UNBLOCK, &ss, NULL);
sigaddset(&m->want_signals, ms->signum);
}
static void
signal_del_ctx(struct main_context *m, struct main_signal *ms)
{
// XXX: Can be called on a non-current context
DBG("MAIN: Deleting signal %p (sig=%d)", ms, ms->signum);
if (!signal_is_active(ms))
return;
clist_unlink(&ms->n);
int another = 0;
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_signal *, s, m->signal_list)
if (s->signum == ms->signum)
another++;
if (!another)
{
if (main_is_current(m))
{
sigset_t ss;
sigemptyset(&ss);
sigaddset(&ss, ms->signum);
THREAD_SIGMASK(SIG_BLOCK, &ss, NULL);
}
sigdelset(&m->want_signals, ms->signum);
}
}
void
signal_del(struct main_signal *ms)
{
signal_del_ctx(main_current(), ms);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_DEBUG
void
file_debug(struct main_file *fi)
{
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t%p (fd %d, rh %p, wh %p, data %p)",
fi, fi->fd, fi->read_handler, fi->write_handler, fi->data);
}
void
hook_debug(struct main_hook *ho)
{
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t%p (func %p, data %p)", ho, ho->handler, ho->data);
}
void
signal_debug(struct main_signal *sg)
{
if (sg->signum < 0)
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t(placeholder)");
else
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t%p (sig %d, func %p, data %p)", sg, sg->signum, sg->handler, sg->data);
}
static void
timer_debug_ctx(struct main_context *m, struct main_timer *tm)
{
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t%p (expires %lld, data %p)", tm, (long long)(tm->expires - m->now), tm->data);
}
void
timer_debug(struct main_timer *tm)
{
timer_debug_ctx(main_current(), tm);
}
void
process_debug(struct main_process *pr)
{
msg(L_DEBUG, "\t\t%p (pid %d, func %p, data %p)", pr, pr->pid, pr->handler, pr->data);
}
void
main_debug_context(struct main_context *m UNUSED)
{
msg(L_DEBUG, "### Main loop status on %lld", (long long) m->now);
msg(L_DEBUG, "\tActive timers:");
uint num_timers = count_timers(m);
for (uint i = 1; i <= num_timers; i++)
timer_debug(m->timer_table[i]);
msg(L_DEBUG, "\tActive files:");
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_file *, fi, m->file_list)
file_debug(fi);
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_file *, fi, m->file_active_list)
file_debug(fi);
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_file *, fi, m->file_recalc_list)
file_debug(fi);
#endif
msg(L_DEBUG, "\tActive hooks:");
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_hook *, ho, m->hook_done_list)
hook_debug(ho);
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_hook *, ho, m->hook_list)
hook_debug(ho);
msg(L_DEBUG, "\tActive processes:");
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_process *, pr, m->process_list)
process_debug(pr);
msg(L_DEBUG, "\tActive signal catchers:");
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_signal *, sg, m->signal_list)
signal_debug(sg);
}
#else
// Stubs
void file_debug(struct main_file *fi UNUSED) { }
void hook_debug(struct main_hook *ho UNUSED) { }
void signal_debug(struct main_signal *sg UNUSED) { }
void timer_debug(struct main_timer *tm UNUSED) { }
void process_debug(struct main_process *pr UNUSED) { }
void main_debug_context(struct main_context *m UNUSED) { }
#endif
static void
process_timers(struct main_context *m)
{
struct main_timer *tm;
while (count_timers(m) && (tm = m->timer_table[1])->expires <= m->now)
{
DBG("MAIN: Timer %p expired at now-%lld", tm, (long long)(m->now - tm->expires));
tm->handler(tm);
}
}
static enum main_hook_return
process_hooks(struct main_context *m)
{
int hook_min = HOOK_RETRY;
int hook_max = HOOK_SHUTDOWN;
struct main_hook *ho;
while (ho = clist_remove_head(&m->hook_list))
{
clist_add_tail(&m->hook_done_list, &ho->n);
DBG("MAIN: Hook %p", ho);
int ret = ho->handler(ho);
hook_min = MIN(hook_min, ret);
hook_max = MAX(hook_max, ret);
}
clist_move(&m->hook_list, &m->hook_done_list);
if (hook_min == HOOK_SHUTDOWN ||
hook_min == HOOK_DONE && hook_max == HOOK_DONE ||
m->shutdown)
{
DBG("MAIN: Shut down by %s", m->shutdown ? "main_shut_down" : "a hook");
return HOOK_SHUTDOWN;
}
if (hook_max == HOOK_RETRY)
return HOOK_RETRY;
else
return HOOK_IDLE;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
static void
recalc_files(struct main_context *m)
{
struct main_file *fi;
while (fi = clist_remove_head(&m->file_recalc_list))
{
file_set_events(m, fi, file_want_events(fi));
clist_add_tail(&m->file_list, &fi->n);
}
}
#else
static void
rebuild_poll_table(struct main_context *m)
{
GARY_INIT_OR_RESIZE(m->poll_table, m->file_cnt);
GARY_INIT_OR_RESIZE(m->poll_file_table, m->file_cnt);
DBG("MAIN: Rebuilding poll table: %d entries", m->file_cnt);
// From this point on, the gary's must not be resized: we keep pointers to their entries
struct pollfd *p = m->poll_table;
struct main_file **pf = m->poll_file_table;
m->poll_cnt = 0;
CLIST_FOR_EACH(struct main_file *, fi, m->file_list)
{
p->fd = fi->fd;
p->events = fi->want_events;
if (p->events)
{
fi->pollfd = p++;
*pf++ = fi;
m->poll_cnt++;
}
}
m->poll_table_obsolete = 0;
}
#endif
void
main_loop(void)
{
DBG("MAIN: Entering main_loop");
struct main_context *m = main_current();
main_get_time_ctx(m);
m->shutdown = 0;
for (;;)
{
timestamp_t wake = m->now + 1000000000;
process_timers(m);
switch (process_hooks(m))
{
case HOOK_SHUTDOWN:
return;
case HOOK_RETRY:
wake = 0;
break;
default: ;
}
int timeout = 0;
if (!m->single_step)
{
if (count_timers(m))
wake = MIN(wake, m->timer_table[1]->expires);
main_get_time_ctx(m);
timeout = ((wake > m->now) ? wake - m->now : 0);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
recalc_files(m);
DBG("MAIN: Epoll for %d fds and timeout %d ms", m->poll_cnt, timeout);
int n = epoll_wait(m->epoll_fd, m->epoll_events, EPOLL_BUF_SIZE, timeout);
#else
if (m->poll_table_obsolete)
rebuild_poll_table(m);
DBG("MAIN: Poll for %d fds and timeout %d ms", m->poll_cnt, timeout);
int n = poll(m->poll_table, m->poll_cnt, timeout);
#endif
DBG("\t-> %d events", n);
if (n < 0 && errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
die("(e)poll failed: %m");
timestamp_t old_now = m->now;
main_get_time_ctx(m);
m->idle_time += m->now - old_now;
if (n <= 0)
{
if (m->single_step)
return;
else
continue;
}
// Relink all files with a pending event to file_active_list
#ifdef CONFIG_UCW_EPOLL
for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
{
struct epoll_event *e = &m->epoll_events[i];
struct main_file *fi = e->data.ptr;
clist_remove(&fi->n);
clist_add_tail(&m->file_active_list, &fi->n);
fi->events = e->events;
}
#else
struct pollfd *p = m->poll_table;
struct main_file **pf = m->poll_file_table;
for (uint i=0; i < m->poll_cnt; i++)
if (p[i].revents)
{
struct main_file *fi = pf[i];
clist_remove(&fi->n);
clist_add_tail(&m->file_active_list, &fi->n);
fi->events = p[i].revents;
}
#endif
/*
* Process the buffered file events. This is pretty tricky, since
* user callbacks can modify the file structure or even destroy it.
* In such cases, we detect that the structure was relinked and stop
* processing its events, leaving them for the next iteration of the
* main loop.
*/
struct main_file *fi;
while (fi = clist_head(&m->file_active_list))
{
if (fi->read_handler && (fi->events & (POLLIN | POLLHUP)))
{
fi->events &= ~(POLLIN | POLLHUP);
do
DBG("MAIN: Read event on fd %d", fi->fd);
while (fi->read_handler && fi->read_handler(fi));
continue;
}
if (fi->write_handler && (fi->events & (POLLOUT | POLLHUP | POLLERR)))
{
fi->events &= ~(POLLOUT | POLLHUP | POLLERR);
do
DBG("MAIN: Write event on fd %d", fi->fd);
while (fi->write_handler && fi->write_handler(fi));
continue;
}
clist_remove(&fi->n);
clist_add_tail(&m->file_list, &fi->n);
}
}
}
void
main_step(void)
{
struct main_context *m = main_current();
m->single_step = 1;
main_loop();
m->single_step = 0;
}